Information: Wikipedia

A Stolperstein literally "stumbling stone", metaphorically a "stumbling block" is a sett-size, 10 by 10 centimetres (3.9 in × 3.9 in) concrete cube bearing a brass plate inscribed with the name and life dates of victims of Nazi extermination or persecution.

The Stolpersteine project, initiated by the German artist Gunter Demnig in 1992, aims to commemorate individuals at exactly the last place of residency—or, sometimes, work—which was freely chosen by the person before he or she fell victim to Nazi terror, euthanasia, eugenics, was deported to a concentration or extermination camp, or escaped persecution by emigration or suicide. As of 29 March 2018, over 67,000 Stolpersteine have been laid in 22 countries, making the Stolpersteine project the world's largest decentralized memorial.

The majority of Stolpersteine commemorate Jewish victims of the Holocaust. Others have been placed for Sinti and Romani people (then also called "gypsies"), homosexuals, the physically or mentally disabled, Jehovah's Witnesses, black people, members of the Communist Party, the Social Democratic Party, and the anti-Nazi Resistance, the Christian opposition (both Protestants and Catholics), and Freemasons, along with International Brigade soldiers in the Spanish Civil War, military deserters, conscientious objectors, escape helpers, capitulators, "habitual criminals", looters, and others charged with treason, military disobedience, or undermining the Nazi military, as well as Allied soldiers.

Jacob Ruben Rothschild was born in Hamburg, Germany, on 19.01.1886, son of Kalman Rothschild. He was a businessman and married to Flora née Florsheim. Before the Second World War he lived in Hamburg. During the war, he was in Antwerpen, Belgium. Jacob Ruben was assassinated during the Holocaust.

Flora Betty Florsheim, Jacob's wife, was arrested with her daughter Hanna, deported to a camp in Vittel. Both survived the Holocaust.

Three daughters of Flora and Jacob were deported by the 1st convoy from Mechelen to Auschwitz and murdered. Renate, born on 06.01.1925, Mathilde - Tirzah, born on 11.11.1923 and Suzanne-Marion, born on 11.11.1926.

Jacob Ruben Rothschild and his wife Flora Flörsheim

Renate, Mathilde-Tirzah and Suzanne-Marion Rothschild

Hannah Sülamith survived together with her mother.

At 108 Koning Albertlaan in Leuven - Louvain lived the Rothschild-Florsheim family. The family consisted of 4 adults and 9 children. Only three small children survived the raid because they had been placed in a home.

Betty Florsheim- Rothschild, sister of Flora was born on 20.05.1895 in Hamburg and wife of Léo Rothschild, was deported by the 1st convoy with his son Julius - Michaël, born in Hamburg on 02.06.1925, as well as his other son, Félix Jacob Ruben, born on 24.05.1927.

Josef Adler was born on 06.03.1924 in Nuremberg, Germany and studying in a Lycée.  Obliged to report for compulsory work at the Kazerne Dossin (lie used by the Germans). Aged 18, he was deported by the 1st convoy from 04.08.1942 and murdered in Auschwitz-Birkenau. The specific date of his death is not known.

Betty Florsheim- Rothschild, Julius-Michaël and Félix Jacob Ruben

Lotte Weissmann survived Auschwitz-Birkenau

Joseph Adler lived in the same building as the Rotschild-Florsheim family of Léo and Betty and their children.

“Gustaaf Ruelens was arrested at home in 1943 by the Gestapo, who took him to Fort Breendonk. From there he was deported to Buchenwald, where he remained in captivity until the camp was liberated,” says Rita Vrancken.​

​“In Buchenwald he became friends with Raymond Vrancken, but before they parted ways, they promised each other an expensive oath: If you don't make it and I do, I will take care of your family. And so Gustaaf became my (step)grandfather many years later.”